| From(投稿者): | tati@kc5.so-net.ne.jp (R4000 2.2) |
|---|---|
| Newsgroups(投稿グループ): | fj.comp.oldies |
| Subject(見出し): | Re: コンピュータの歴史 |
| Date(投稿日時): | 01 Aug 2003 03:45:01 +0900 |
| Organization(所属): | So-net, Japan:Dialup Access |
| References(祖先記事, 一番最後が直親): | (G) <bfepk1$85i$1@news01db.so-net.ne.jp> |
| (G) <bfepra$85i$3@news01db.so-net.ne.jp> | |
| (G) <bfh5rv$f9c$1@news01bc.so-net.ne.jp> | |
| (G) <bfh9ef$od5$1@news01bb.so-net.ne.jp> | |
| (G) <bfmmdi$isv$1@news01cj.so-net.ne.jp> | |
| (G) <bfnfgh$av8$1@caraway.media.kyoto-u.ac.jp> | |
| (G) <bfss65$4o0$1@news01bb.so-net.ne.jp> | |
| (G) <bg6aed$krq$1@news01bh.so-net.ne.jp> | |
| Message-ID(記事識別符号): | (G) <bgbo3d$qh1$1@news01bg.so-net.ne.jp> |
| Followuped-by(子記事): | (G) <bh08gu$kfv$1@news01bb.so-net.ne.jp> |
| (G) <bh08l1$kfv$2@news01bb.so-net.ne.jp> |
こんばんは、立花＠鎌ヶ谷市です。
また少し。
ded だけ、何時のモノか探しきらんでした。
ユーザーズマニュアルの発行が 1981 年だし、「UNIX の 1/4世紀」にも
"1970 年代の後半から 1980 年代の前半にかけてヨーロッパ全域に配布され"
と書いてあるから、vi と同時期くらいでしょうか。
〜ここから〜
[Vendor]
1884 1991 1996
NCR --------------------------------------------------------+ +-------------
| |
AT&T -------------------------------------------------------+---+-------------
1875 ^^^
AT&T GIS
1994~1996
CTR
| [System/360]
IBM ------------------------!--+----------------------------------+-----------
1924 1964| |
| Sequent -----------+
| 1983 1999
v
Amdahl ----------------------------+
1970 1997|
|
FUJITSU ---------------------------------------------------------+------------
1935
SNI+-- Wincore -----
| | 1999
Nixdorf ------------------------------+ |
1956 1990|
|
Pyramid -----+
1983 1994
Burroughs -------------------------------------------+
1905 |
UNISYS --------------------
|1986
Eckert- Remington- Sperry- |
Mauchly - Rand --+-- Rand +----+---------------------+
(UNIVAC)| | |
1946 1950 | 1955 | |
| | |
ERA -------------+ | |
1946 1952 | |
| |
RCA ---------------+
| 1971
|
v
CDC -+-+-----------------+-------X
1957 | | | 1990
| | v
Bendix --+ | ETA
1956 1963 | Systems --X
| 1984 1989
|
| [NEC SX-1]
| 1983
|
| Tera
| Computer -----+- CRAY --
v 1987 |2000
CRAY -------------------------+----+ |
1972 |1996| |
| | |
FPS ----------------------------+ | |
1970 1992 | |
SGI ---------------+-+---------
1982
nCUBE ------------------------
1983
Multiflow --X
1984 1990
KSR --------X
1986 1995
TMC -------X
1989 1997
SDS -+
Haloid 1961 |1969(XDS)
Company --------------Xerox-+--------X
1948 1961 1975
TRW
Bull ---------------------------------------+-----------------
|
Honeywell --+-+-+---------------------------+
| | | 1991
CCC -----+ | |
1953 1966 | |
| |
GE ---------------+ |
1970|
|
v
Prime -------+----------------X
1972 | 1992
v
Apollo +----+
1980 | |1989
v |
Stellar |
1985 |
HP ---------------------------------+--------------------+-------+-----+------
1939 | | |
| Compaq --------------++-+
v 1982 | || 2001
Tandem -------------------------+|
1974 1997 |
| |
DEC -+--------------------------------------+
1957 |[PDP-11] [VAX11/780] | 1998
| 1970 1977 |
| |
| 1982 |
| Convex -----------+
| ^ 1995
| |
| | 1983
| | ENCORE
| | ^
v | |
DG --------------+-+--------------------+
1968 | 1999|
[NOVA] v |
1969 Alliant -------X |
1982 1992 |
|
EMC ----------------------+-------
1979
Perkin-
Interdata - Elmer ---- Concurrent +---------------------
1966 1973 1985 |
MASSCOMP --+
1981 1988
1986
KSR
^
|
ENCORE -+---+--------------------
1983 |
|
GOULD --------+
| 1989
SEL -----------------+
1961 1980
Sun ---------------------------
1982
Stratus -------------------------
1980
Stardent--X
| 1991
Ardent--+
1985 |
Stellar--+
1985 1989
[FUJIC]
1956
[PC-1]
1958
[DIPS-1]
1971
[NEAC M4] [MS50][MS140][MS4100]
1969 1978 1982 1986
[EWS4800]
1986
[UP4800]
[FT20]
1991
NCR : National Cash Register Company
AT&T GIS : AT&T Global Information Solutions
CTR : Computing Tabulating Recording Company
SNI : Siemens Nixdorf Informationssysteme
Wincore : Wincor Nixdorf GmbH
Pyramid : Pyramid Technology Corporation
ERA : Engineering Research Associates, Inc.
RCA : Radio Corporation of America
CDC : Control Data Corporation
FPS : Floating Point Systems
Multiflow : Multiflow Computer , best known for its work in VLIW processors
KSR : Kendall Square Research Corporation
TMC : Thinking Machines Corporation
CCC : Computer Control Company Inc., DDP516 manufacturer
SDS : Scientific Data Systems
XDS : Xerox Data Systems
TRW : Thompson Ramo Wooldridge
DG : Data General
Perkin-Elmer : Perkin-Elmer Data Systems
MASSCOMP : Massachusetts Computer Corporation
GOULD : Gould Computer System Division
SEL : Systems Engineering Laboratories
===============================================================================
[Network(systems,protocol,datalink...)]
ARPANET -----------X
1969 1983
TCP/IP ------------------------
1982
ALOHAnet
1970
Telenet
1974
Cisco AGS
1986
Usenet ---------------------------
1979
Telebit TrailBlazer Plus
1985
BITNET
1981
CBBS
1978
Hayes SmartModem
1981
ASCII-NET ------X
1985 1997
PC-VAN -------------X
1986 2001
日経MIX ----X
1987 1997
NIFTY-Serve ------------
1987
ASAHI-NET --------
1990
WWIVTERM
1987
WTERM
1988
KmTerm
1992
KmTermX
1993
BSC
1964
BTAM
1971
SNA -------------------------------------
1974
SDLC APPN(LU6.2)
1975 1986
DECnet
1975
XNS
(G1)
Ethernet
X.25
1976
DCNA
(G2)
OSI -----------------------------------
1977
HDLC
1979
JCA手順
1980
全銀手順
1983
JCA-H手順
1991
全銀TCP/IP手順
1997
DIX Ethernet 1.0
1980
NetWare
1983
MS-Networks
1984
AppleTalk
1988
Kalpana EPS-700
1990
FDDI
Frame Relay
10BASE-T
1990
ATM
1993
100BASE-TX
1995
1000BASE-X
1998
(G1) : BNA(Burroughs),DCA(UNIVAC),DINA(NEC),ANSA(Toshiba)
(G2) : DONA(Oki),FNA(Fujitsu),MNA(Mitsubishi),HNA(Hitachi)
CBBS : Computerized Bulletin Board System
===============================================================================
[Operating System]
see http://www.cs.wvu.edu/~jdm/classes/cs258/OScat/catalog.html
see http://www.levenez.com/windows/
see http://www.freedos.org/freedos/news/doshist.txt
AI Lab ----------------------------------------------+
1959 |
ITS ----------------------------X |
1967 1990 |
v
DTSS LCSAI
1963 2003
^
CTSS |
1961 |
|
LCS----------------------------------+
^
|
Project MAC --X
1962 1975
Multics --------------------------------------X
1965 2000
Project GENIE
1964~1965
|
v
SDS 940
1966
Unix ------------------------------------------
1969
VMS
1977
Q-DOS
1980
86-DOS
1980
PC-DOS ----------------------
1981
MS-DOS ------------X
1981 1997
DR-DOS ---------------
1988
1984
OS/2 --------------------
1985
MS-WindowsNT --
1994
MS-Windows95
1995
TRON --------------------
1984
ITRON1
1987
BTRON1
1989
CTRON1
1992
JTRON1
1997
ITS : Incompatible Timesharing System
DTSS : Dartmouth Time Sharing System
CTSS : Compatible Time Sharing System
Multics: Multiplexed Information and Computing Service
TRON : The Real-time Operating system Nucleus
AI Lab : Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, MIT
LCS : Laboratory for Computer Science, MIT
LCSAI : New Laboratory for Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence, MIT
===============================================================================
[Computer Language]
see http://www.levenez.com/lang/
FORTRAN -----------------------------------------------------
1954
FORTRAN77 FORTRAN90 FORTRAN95
1979 1991 1997
Lisp ---------------------------------------------------
1958
COBOL ------------------------------------------------
1959
Algol
1958
Algol60
1960
Algol68
1968
PL/I -----------------------------------------------
1964
C ----------------------------------------------
1971
PCC C89 C99
1979 1989 1999
C++ ---------------------------
1983
Pascal
1970
Mesa
1977
ABCL/1
1986
TurboPascal
1983
Lattice C
1982
MS-C V3.0
1986
Turbo C
1987
GCC -------------------
1987
===============================================================================
[Graphical User Interface(systems,software...)]
Xerox Alto Star
1973 1983
Smalltalk-80
1981
Apple Lisa Macintosh --------------
1983 1984
Digital Reseach GEM
1985
Commodore Amiga
1985
Microsoft MS-Windows ------------------
1983
GMW
1986
CMU Andrew ................
1985
X Window
System -- X11 ------------
1985 1987
Sun SunDew - NeWS .. on X11
1986 1987
===============================================================================
[Text Processing]
nroff
RUNOFF - roff - troff - ditroff -----------------------------
1964 1969 1973 1979
TeX ---------------------------------
1978
Scribe
1978
Interleaf -----------------------
1981
JW-10
1978
WordStar
1978
===============================================================================
[Text Editor]
1992 1994
+ XEmacs ---------
|
+-------------- Emacs --------- GNU Emacs --------------
| 1976 1985
|
| Nemacs
| 1987
|
| Mule
| 1993
|
TECO -+ QED - ed --- em -- ded
1962 1966 1971 1975
|
V
ex - vi --------------------------------
1976 1978
WordMaster
1976
MIFES
1985
EZ
1985
Vz Wz
1989 1995
RED
1986
RED++
C-WRITER/98
1987
RED2
1990
===============================================================================
[Personal Computing]
DynaBook
1972
MIT CONS CADR
1975 1977
LMI Lambda
1983
Symbolics 3600
1982
Xerox Alto Dolphin
1973 1979
NUE TAO/ELIS TAO/SILENT --
1986 1997
IMSAI-8080
1975
MITS Altair8800
1975
Apple AppleI Apple][
1975 1977
Lisa Macintosh
1983 1984
IBM IBM-PC PC/AT
1981 1984
PS/2
1987
Commodore PET Amiga
1977 1985
Sinclair ZX80
1980
ZX81
1981
Three Rivers PERQ-1
1980
Acorn Archimedes
1987
NeXT Cube
1989
Apollo DN100
1981
Sun-1
1982
===============================================================================
[Misc(DBMS,Transaction Processing,Spreadsheet,...)]
[DBMS]
DL/I
ICS *H
1966
IMS(ICS was renamed)
1969
DB2
1982
IDS(GE/Honeywell) *N
1967
ADABAS(SoftwareAG) *I
1971
INGRES -------- POSTGRES ---- PostgreSQL
1976 1985 1997
Oracle
1978
Informix
1981
Sybase
1984
*H : Hierarchical model DBMS
*N : Network model DBMS
*I : Inverted list
ICS : Information Control System
IMS : Information Management System
IDS : Integrated Data Store
[Transaction Processing]
see http://www.zois.co.uk/index.html#tpm
CICS
1968
Tuxedo
1989
Encina
1991
Top End ----X
1991 1999
X/Open DTP
1993
[Spreadsheet]
VisiCalc
1979
PIPS
1980
Multiplan
Lotus1-2-3
1982
Microsoft Excel
1985
===============================================================================
[Micro Processor] --Summary--
Intel i4004 i8080 i8086 i286
1971 1974 1978 1982
i386 i486DX Pentium
1985 1989 1993
i860XR i860XP
1989 1991
Zilog Z80
1976
Z8000
1978
Z80000
1986
Motorola 6800
1974
68000 68020 68030 68040 68060
1979 1984 1986 1990 1994
88100
1988
NS SC/MP NS16K(NS32K)
1976 1983
IBM 801 ROMP
1980 1986
POWER
1990
PowerPC 601
1993
HP PA-RISC
32bit 64bit
1986 1995
SPARC SPARC Ultra SPARC
1987 1996
MIPS R2000
1987
R3000 R4000
1988 1992
DEC Alpha
21064
1992
TRON Gmicro/200
1988
〜ここまで〜
--
tati@kc5.so-net.ne.jp 立花 晃＠鎌ヶ谷市