This question arises: Did Korea and Singapore both begin with the
American socialist salute (the stiff-arm salute) and then switch
(following the lead of government in the U.S.) to the hand-over-the-
heart? Preliminary research indicates that Korea and Singapore both
used the stiff-armed American socialist salute at some time in the
past. http://rexcurry.net/pledge-of-allegiance-korea.html

The American socialist salulte probably influenced Korea and Singapore
in the same manner that it influenced the Union of Soviet Socialist
Republics and the Peoples' Republic of China.
http://rexcurry.net/nazi-salute-taipei-times-roc-republic-of-china-government-officials-sworn.jpg

Korea and Singapore were also influenced by the USSR and the PRC (and
they adopted American flag practices). http://rexcurry.net/ussr-socialist-swastika-cccp-sssr.html